• lc [ attribute ]

    (also referred to as word_lc, word lowercase or word form lowercase) is a positional attribute assigned to of each token in the corpus. The lc attribute is a lowercased version of the word attribute: John becomes john, Apple becomes apple, BE becomes be. The lc attribute makes the upper case and lowercase version of each token identical. The lc attribute is used for case insensitive searching and analysis see also word form lemma (lowercase) list of attributes
  • learner corpus [ corpus-types ]

    A collection of texts produced by learners of a language used to study errors and mistakes made by learners of languages. Learner corpora in Sketch Engine can use both error and correction annotation. A special search interface is available to search by the former or the latter or both. see also Setting up a learner corpus
  • lemma [ attribute ]

    Lemma is a positional attribute. It is the basic form of a word, typically the form found in dictionaries. A lemmatized corpus allows for searching for the basic form and include all forms of the word in the result, e.g. searching for lemma go will find go, goes, went, going, gone. (more…)
  • lemma_lc [ attribute ]

    lemma_lc is a positional attribute. It is a lemma converted to lowercase.   apple and Apple are treated as the same thing. It is used for case insensitive searching and case insensitive analysis. see lemma
  • Lemmatization

    Lemmatization is a process of assigning a lemma to each word form in a corpus using an automatic tool called a lemmatizer. Lemmatization bring the benefit of searching for a base form of a word and getting all the derived forms in the result, e.g. searching for go will also find goes, went, gone, going. See also PoS tagger stemming
  • lempos [ attribute ]

    Lempos is a positional attribute, i.e. an attribute assigned to each token in the corpus.  It is a combination of lemma and part of speech (pos) consisting of the lemma, hyphen and a one-letter abbreviation of the part of speech, eg. go-vhouse-n. The part of speech abbreviations differ between corpora. Lempos is case sensitive, house-n is different from House-n. see also lempos_lc lemma list of attributes
  • lempos_lc [ attribute ]

    lempos_lc is a positional attribute. It is a lowercased version of lempos. All uppercase letters are converted to lowercase, thus House-n becomes identical with house-n. It is used for case insensitive searching and analysis. see also lempos list of attributes
  • likelihood [ statistics ]

    a function of parameters of a statistical model, it plays a key role in statistical inference and is the basis for the log-likelihood function. see Statistics in Sketch Engine
  • log-likelihood [ statistics ]

    one of the functions used in computed statistics of Sketch Engine. It is the association measures based on the likelihood function, using in tests for significance (see the log-likelihood calculator and more details)
  • logDice [ statistics ]

    a statistic measure for identifying co-occurrence (=two items appearing together). Sketch Engine uses it to identify collocations. It expresses the typicality (or strength) of the collocation. It is used in the word sketch feature and also when computing collocations from a concordance. (more…)
  • Longest-commonest match

    The longest-commonest match (LCM) was coined by Adam Kilgarriff to name the most common realisation of a collocation, i.e. the chunk of language in which the collocation appears most frequently. The longest-commonest match is part of the word sketch result screen to facilitate the understanding of how the collocation typically behaves. (more…)
  • longtag [ attribute ]

    Longtag is a detailed part-of-speech tag which usually contains more information than tag. Some corpora have tags containing only basic information on parts of speech and also attribute longtags consist of detailed grammatical information such as case, number, gender, etc. The longtangs are available in Estonian corpus etTenTen or Turkis corpus trTenTen.